中国环境科学

作者：张晓晶, 张圣微, 卢俊平, 徐卓, 许嘉轩, 李晓阳, 张晓铎

单位：1. 内蒙古农业大学, 水利与土木建筑工程学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;2. 内蒙古自治区生态水文与水资源高效利用重点实验室, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;3. 黄河流域内蒙段水资源与水环境综合治理自治区协同创新中心, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;4. 内蒙古新创环境科技有限公司, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010

关键词：土壤重金属,开采方式,来源解析,风险评价,PMF-HHR模型

基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52360032);内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目(2021MS04013);内蒙古自治区教育厅青年教师科研能力提升基金资助项目(BR220118);“草原英才”工程创新团队;内蒙古自治区高校创新研究团队(NMGIRT2313)

To clarify the pollution sources and ecological health risks of heavy metals in soils influenced by coal mining activities, a typical coal mine in Yjinholuo Banner of Inner Mongolia was selected as the study area. A total of 180 surface soil samples were collected from the mining area between 2021 and 2023, and the concentrations of eight types of heavy metals were analyzed. The positive definite matrix factor decomposition model coupled with health risk assessment (PMF-HHR) was used to quantitatively evaluate the human health risks associated with heavy metals from different sources. The pollution of Cd and Hg in the study area is particularly serious, with Cd content in open-pit mines reaching 18 times the background levels of Inner Mongolia, the content of Hg in underground mines being 4.8 times higher, and higher levels of Cd, Cr and Ni in open pit mines than in shaft mines. The heavily polluted areas are mainly located in coal mining areas and along highways. The soil around the mine posed a moderate ecological hazard, with forestland, grassland and farmland showing high-risk levels. PMF source analysis identified five major pollution sources: combined industrial emissions and atmospheric deposition (18.0%), transportation (12.6%), agricultural activities and coal combustion (14.8%), mining (17.0%), and natural parent sources (37.6%). There was a notable cancer risk for both adults and children, with a higher risk observed in children. The main sources of cancer risk were industrial emissions and transportation, with oral ingestion being the dominant exposure pathway. The PMF-HHR model can effectively quantify the health risks from different sources.

来源：2024年第11期

《中国环境科学》期刊编辑部

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